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Pinger 2021
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It is important to note that aircraft pinger technology has significant limitations as to range. Some pinger manufacturers suggest a range of ‘10km or more’. This is not correct, as the pinger transmits out to around 2km. This is within the range that the CAA requires and therefore pinger manufacturers do not need to provide additional mitigation in this regard.
A commercial aircraft should have a minimum pinger-shelving distance of 30m to be compliant with the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The pinger's sound is not harmful to humans but can be disturbing to other wildlife.
Even though the CAA has not suggested a minimum standard, a vessel should have a minimum pinger ‘shelving’ distance of approximately 10m. This is not an exact measurement; rather, it is intended to give a guide to the device manufacturer or operator as to how close the pinger should be to the dolphin.
The normal procedure in UK airspace is to use a pinger on the legal speed limit of 80 knots. At 70 knots, you can expect a pinger to be effective, but if there is a risk of collision with wildlife, it is prudent to reduce speed to 60 knots. At 50 knots, or less, all collisions will be avoided.
The maximum permissible distance between a pinger and a vessel is defined as a minimum vital distance (MVD). This is the minimum distance at which a vessel must be from the cetacean, in order to avoid being detected and automatically prompted to reduce speed. The CAA provides a table that lists the MVDs for various vessel types.
The UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) applies a one-size-fits-all approach to the use of pinging. However, there are significant differences in the design of vessels across the UK, as well as between different sectors within a vessel. The crew of any vessel can be provided with guidance on their responsibility in regard to cetaceans, but this is not enforced, nor do operators have to be certified or assessed. However, a vessel must be fitted with a pinger if it is carrying passengers.
The DPR-275 was designed as a versatile receiver for use with all types of pinger transmitters. The user can select a specific frequency in the range of 2.9–5.8 kHz with selectable polarization and digital filter. A burst selector allows the user to quickly change the transmission frequency using a pushbutton. The transmitter also features an adjustable FM broadcast receiver allowing the user to scan through a range of frequencies and select one for transmission.
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